[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":48},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-sw-107-1-human-behavior-023":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":23},"人類行為與社會環境","human-behavior",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"legacy":11,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"lawTimestamp":9,"explanation":22,"freq":10},"sw-107-1-人類行為與社會環境-023","sw-107-1-human-behavior-023",107,1,false,23,"小賢每次吃完晚餐都拖很久才洗碗，父親時常為此責斥他；某一天，小賢為了不想聽父親嘮叨，於晚飯後立即洗碗，父親那天就沒有碎碎念。自此之後，小賢每次都主動於飯後洗碗，這是下列那一種增強作用？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"負增強（Negative reinforcement）","正增強（Positive reinforcement）","正懲罰（positive punishment）","非制約剌激（Unconditioned stimulus）","A",null,[],"本題考點是 Skinner 操作制約中增強與懲罰類型的辨識。負增強指行為出現後「移除嫌惡刺激」,因而使該行為的頻率增加;小賢飯後立即洗碗,父親的嘮叨責斥(嫌惡刺激)隨之消失,使他此後持續主動洗碗,行為增加且機制是「拿走討厭的東西」,正是負增強,故 A 正確。B 正增強是行為後「給予」愉悅刺激(如稱讚、零用錢)使行為增加,本題並無給予;C 正懲罰是給予嫌惡刺激以「減少」行為,與本題行為增加的方向相反;D 非制約刺激是古典制約的概念,指天生即能引發反應的刺激,與操作制約的增強無關。",[24,28,32,36,40,44],{"webId":25,"stem":26,"number":27,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-107-1-human-behavior-022","年齡因素是社會科學家經常用來理解人類行為的測量因子，有關「社會年齡」的敘述，下列何者正確？",22,{"webId":29,"stem":30,"number":31,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-107-1-human-behavior-024","下列那一個理論觀點在討論潛意識的發展過程？",24,{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-107-1-human-behavior-021","依附理論主張當嬰兒與母親分離一段時間後，再度看見母親出現時，嬰兒的眼神不與母親接觸，也不會試圖吸引母親的注意，甚或忽視母親想跟他（她）的互動。前述反應符合下列何種依附模式？",21,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-107-1-human-behavior-025","佛洛伊德（Freud）的心理分析理論指出人格有三個部分，分別是：",25,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-107-1-human-behavior-020","下列那一個階段的特徵是在建立一個人的獨立、自我認同與抽象思考能力？",20,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-107-1-human-behavior-026","艾瑞克森（Erikson）的人格發展理論主要強調：",26,1787299235165]