[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":48},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-sw-107-1-human-behavior-036":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":23},"人類行為與社會環境","human-behavior",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"legacy":11,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"lawTimestamp":9,"explanation":22,"freq":10},"sw-107-1-人類行為與社會環境-036","sw-107-1-human-behavior-036",107,1,false,36,"嬰兒動作發展的順序常見分為：微微抬頭→抬頭→翻身→抬胸→獨坐→爬行→扶著桌椅行走→獨立站→ 獨立行走。請問，嬰兒發展的歷程是依循下列何種原則？①後成原則（The epigenetic principle） ②由近到遠原則（proximodistal principle） ③差距原則（gag rule） ④從頭到腳原則（cephalocaudal principle）",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"②③","①④","②④","①②","C",null,[],"本題考點在嬰兒動作發展的方向性原則。依發展心理學，動作發展有兩大方向原則：從頭到腳原則（頭頸控制先於軀幹與下肢，故先會抬頭、最後才會走路）與由近到遠原則（靠近身體中軸的大肌肉先發展，再到四肢末梢的精細動作），題幹「抬頭→翻身→獨坐→爬行→站→走」正是這兩原則的展現，故②④正確，選 C。①後成原則是 Erikson 借自胚胎學、說明心理社會發展階段依序開展的原則，並非動作發展的方向原則；③「差距原則」並非發展學術語，gag rule 原意是議事上的禁言規則，屬混淆用的假選項。",[24,28,32,36,40,44],{"webId":25,"stem":26,"number":27,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-107-1-human-behavior-035","下列那一個概念是班杜拉（Bandura）的社會學習理論所提出，用來表達當一個留學生到了陌生的城市讀書，在沒有支持系統的情況下，靠著信念或期望，有助其適應新環境與新角色，並在面對挫折或失敗經驗時能堅持或調適？",35,{"webId":29,"stem":30,"number":31,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-107-1-human-behavior-037","世界衛生組織對「活躍老化」的定義為「將健康、參與、安全機會的極大化，目標是讓人在老化過程中，強化生活品質」。但有理論提出：「期望老年人（older adults）充分活躍其社會角色是不切實際的想法，年紀大的人，應從其角色或活動中撤退或減少活動參與量。」以上敘述屬於那一個理論？",37,{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-107-1-human-behavior-034","關於老年人常見的疾病，認知缺陷的風險隨著年齡增加，且不可逆轉地影響其記憶、人格或功能，下列敘述何者正確？",34,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-107-1-human-behavior-038","下列有關女性主義（Feminism）的敘述，何者正確？",38,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-107-1-human-behavior-033","防衛機轉（defense mechanisms）是用以對抗日常生活中所引發的焦慮。當一個人把衝動轉移到另一個對象而非原來可以滿足自己的對象身上，例如：怨恨老師的學生，想表達自己的敵意但又怕受到懲罰，可能會轉移攻擊性到其他事物上，像是透過電玩或是寵物出氣，請問這是運用下列那一種防衛機轉？",33,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-107-1-human-behavior-039","愛滋病（AIDS）是一種後天免疫缺乏症候群，社會上對愛滋病仍存有如生活不檢點等刻板印象。下列敘述何者屬刻板印象？",39,1787299235337]