[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":48},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-sw-112-1-human-behavior-009":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":23},"人類行為與社會環境","human-behavior",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"legacy":11,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"lawTimestamp":9,"explanation":22,"freq":10},"sw-112-1-人類行為與社會環境-009","sw-112-1-human-behavior-009",112,1,false,9,"系統論主張開放系統中因能與環境互通有無，使個體或組織因此得以繁榮發展。以上敘述屬於下列那項概念？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"物質不滅（conservation of matter）","心理流（flow）","能趨疲（entropy）","負熵作用（negative entropy）","D",null,[],"本題考點在系統理論中「熵」與「負熵」的辨析。依一般系統理論(Bertalanffy),封閉系統會走向能趨疲(entropy),能量耗散、趨於混亂解組;開放系統則能與環境交換物質與能量,輸入新資源以維持並提升組織程度,此即負熵作用(negative entropy),故選 D。A 物質不滅是物理學守恆概念,與系統存續無關;B 心理流(flow)是 Csikszentmihalyi 所指全神投入的最佳體驗,屬個人心理狀態;C 能趨疲方向相反,指系統因封閉而衰敗。題幹「與環境互通有無而繁榮發展」正是負熵的定義,故答案為 D。",[24,28,32,36,40,44],{"webId":25,"stem":26,"number":27,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-112-1-human-behavior-008","社會需要偷竊這項偏差的存在，以便使人們知道什麼才是正常的行為。以上敘述是下列何種觀點說法？",8,{"webId":29,"stem":30,"number":31,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-112-1-human-behavior-010","當某人重複獲得某項獎勵次數越多時，則該獎勵價值對他而言就越低。上述說法是社會交換論何種命題？",10,{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-112-1-human-behavior-007","有關家庭系統理論，下列敘述何者錯誤？",7,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-112-1-human-behavior-011","瑪莉生下的嬰兒有下列狀況：焦躁易怒、過動、頭小畸形、上唇很薄、鼻短鼻柱低、下巴小，她懷孕期間，極有可能使用下列何種物質？",11,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-112-1-human-behavior-006","家系圖提供一個家庭系統的圖像視覺呈現，家系圖經常描繪訊息的類別包括下列何者？①家庭成員的關係和溝通 ②家庭成員可能存在的次系統 ③家庭成員的地位和規則 ④家庭成員的界線類型",6,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-112-1-human-behavior-012","有關老人認知功能的發展，下列敘述何者錯誤？",12,1787299265055]