[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":49},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-sw-112-2-human-behavior-035":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":24},"人類行為與社會環境","human-behavior",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"legacy":11,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"lawTimestamp":9,"explanation":22,"freq":23},"sw-112-2-人類行為與社會環境-035","sw-112-2-human-behavior-035",112,2,false,35,"人群之間的信任、互惠、規範、自主與參與等，讓人們可以彼此協調合作而獲取相互利益，以上敘述屬於下列那種概念？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"全控機構","參考團體","社會排除","社會資本","D",null,[],"本題考點是社會資本(social capital)的概念。題幹描述「人群間的信任、互惠、規範、參與,使人們得以協調合作、獲取相互利益」,這正是社會資本的核心定義——鑲嵌於社會關係網絡中、可被動員的資源,故選 D。選項 A 全控機構(total institution,Goffman)指將成員與外界隔離、全面規訓其生活的機構,如監獄、精神病院,與信任互惠無關。選項 B 參考團體(reference group)指個人用來比較、評價自身態度行為的參照對象,重點在自我評價而非合作互惠。選項 C 社會排除(social exclusion)指個人或群體被排除於主流社會的資源與機會之外,與題幹強調的協力合作、相互獲益恰好相反,因此都非正解。",1,[25,29,33,37,41,45],{"webId":26,"stem":27,"number":28,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-112-2-human-behavior-034","社會成員在階層化的地位、階級中發生改變或移動。以上敘述屬於下列那種概念？",34,{"webId":30,"stem":31,"number":32,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-112-2-human-behavior-036","社會階層化（social stratification）是指：一個社會體系將其三要素階層化之過程，下列那個要素並不包括在內？",36,{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-112-2-human-behavior-033","階層制度形成可能因社會本身的封閉性或開放性而有相當的差異，當個人的社會地位必定與父母相同且無法改變時，下列何者屬於此種與生俱來的地位？",33,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-112-2-human-behavior-037","下列那個單位是兒童最早開始接觸到社會化的環境、提供兒童學習的重要社會環境？",37,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-112-2-human-behavior-032","認為自己的文化與生活方式代表規範，並強調自己的文化優於其他文化的傾向。上述指涉那種概念？",32,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-112-2-human-behavior-038","有關家庭生命週期理論中對於為人父母漸進發展階段的論述，下列何者正確？",38,1787299276318]