[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":48},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-sw-113-1-human-behavior-014":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":23},"人類行為與社會環境","human-behavior",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"legacy":11,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"lawTimestamp":9,"explanation":22,"freq":10},"sw-113-1-人類行為與社會環境-014","sw-113-1-human-behavior-014",113,1,false,14,"家長為了管教孩子的行為而對於孩子施以懲罰，就相關研究對於懲罰的效果與建議，下列何者最不適當？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"家長懲罰孩子同時，建議提出備案來增強其他更適當的行為","懲罰容易引起負面情緒，對於孩子未來身心發展影響甚鉅","懲罰可以當下讓孩子注意自我行為，長期為之可持續達到改善行為之效果","長期對孩子施以懲罰來處理行為可能會造成其攻擊行為","C",null,[],"本題考點在於行為學習研究對懲罰效果的結論。研究普遍指出懲罰只能短暫壓抑行為,無法教會替代的適當行為,長期施予也難以持續改善行為,故 C 稱「長期為之可持續達到改善行為之效果」與研究結論相悖,為最不適當,選 C。A 主張懲罰同時提供替代方案以增強適當行為,符合建議,正確;B 指懲罰易引發負面情緒影響身心發展,正確;D 指長期懲罰可能誘發攻擊行為(模仿與挫折),正確。",[24,28,32,36,40,44],{"webId":25,"stem":26,"number":27,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-113-1-human-behavior-013","有關預立醫療指示（advance directives）的說明，下列何者錯誤？",13,{"webId":29,"stem":30,"number":31,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-113-1-human-behavior-015","有關唐氏症（Down syndrome）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",15,{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-113-1-human-behavior-012","有關於家庭暴力相關理論與影響，那些描述正確？①生態理論認為暴力會循環，親密關係暴力會藉由世代間傳遞 ②女性主義認為在父權體制的社會意識形態之下，暴力對待女性、兒童與多元性別的問題將永遠存在 ③目睹家庭暴力的兒童成年之後成為親密關係加害者或受害者的風險較高 ④家庭暴力會發生在男性或女性身上，但女性受害風險顯著較高",12,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-113-1-human-behavior-016","有關嬰幼兒受虐的徵候，下列何者錯誤？",16,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-113-1-human-behavior-011","有關老人與社會的互動，下列敘述何者正確？",11,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-113-1-human-behavior-017","有關高齡者在記憶能力與學習的描述，在多數情況下，下列何者正確？",17,1787299273513]