[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":47},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-sw-113-2-human-behavior-001":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":23},"人類行為與社會環境","human-behavior",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"legacy":11,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"lawTimestamp":9,"explanation":22,"freq":12},"sw-113-2-人類行為與社會環境-001","sw-113-2-human-behavior-001",113,2,false,1,"下列對艾瑞克森（E. Erikson）心理社會發展理論的敘述，何者最為適當？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"此論主要關心個人生活路徑如何受其歷史背景、所處環境和機會事件形塑和影響","此論主張人類發展依循固定的階段，必須處理每階段的衝突與危機，才能移到更高階段","此論指出個人社會心理危機的根源，來自湯姆沙耶效應（Sawyer Effect）的內在心理驅力","此論認為依據基因源生原則（epigenetic principle），個體人生發展任務具有不可逆特色","B",null,[],"本題考點是 Erikson 心理社會發展理論的核心主張。依 Erikson 理論，人格發展依循固定的八個階段循序展開，每一階段都有一組心理社會危機（如信任 vs 不信任、自主 vs 羞愧），個體必須處理該階段的衝突與危機，才能順利進入下一更高階段，故選 B。(A)強調生活路徑受歷史背景、環境與機會事件形塑，屬生命歷程觀點（life course perspective）而非 Erikson。(C)所謂「湯姆沙耶效應」是關於外在報酬削弱內在動機的過度辯證效應，與 Erikson 心理社會危機根源無關，屬混淆選項。(D)Erikson 確實採漸成原則（epigenetic principle），但發展任務並非「不可逆」——前階段未解決的危機可在後續重新處理，故「不可逆特色」的敘述錯誤。",[24,28,31,35,39,43],{"webId":25,"stem":26,"number":27,"year":9,"session":12},"sw-113-1-human-behavior-040","根據艾力克森（Erikson）的理論，心理社會發展的階段順利時，會呈現出熱愛家庭、關懷社會，有責任心、有正義感，是下列那一階段？",40,{"webId":29,"stem":30,"number":10,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-113-2-human-behavior-002","聚焦生殖、生產力與創造力等元素，關心為社會整體福祉做出貢獻的敘述，最傾向於下列那項艾瑞克森（E. Erikson）心理社會發展階段的任務？",{"webId":32,"stem":33,"number":34,"year":9,"session":12},"sw-113-1-human-behavior-039","下列何者是代間社會流動的例子？",39,{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-113-2-human-behavior-003","下列何人將兒童的遊戲比喻為「最可佩的社會機構（the most admirable social institutions）」，並從而參考建構出他的兒童發展理論？",3,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":12},"sw-113-1-human-behavior-038","性別歧視，尤其是制度性歧視，造成許多女性落入貧窮循環之中，同工不同酬是工作職場中常見的性別歧視。有關同工不同酬的現象，下列敘述何者錯誤？",38,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":9,"session":10},"sw-113-2-human-behavior-004","「公民不服從」是公民認為現行法律有道德瑕疵和不公平，出於守護更高的理念，而採取不合作和非暴力的抗議、抵抗行為，並願意接受因此而來的法律制裁。以上所述，最符合郭爾堡（L. Kohlberg）道德發展中的那一個階段？",4,1787299278509]